Use a Multi-Signature Scheme

Let's explore the use of a Multi-Signature Scheme. We'll take the following steps:

Generate Two Key Pairs: We will generate two key pairs.
Sign Message: We create two Signatures of the same Message with the two Secret Keys.
Aggregate Signatures: We aggregate the two Signatures to a single Signature.
Aggregate Public Keys: We aggregate the two Public Keys to a single Public Key.
Verify aggregated Signature: We verify the Signature with the aggregated Public Key.

Generate First Key

Start by generating a Key Pair consisting of a Public and Secret Key.

Sign the Messages

Now use the generated Secret Key to sign a Message.

🗝️ Private Key

Enter private key to sign message with

📝 Message

Enter any Message you want to sign with the Private Key

Generate Second Key

In a real-world setting these key pairs would be created by independent actors, but for the sake of the exercise we will play multiple actors here.

Sign the Message with the second Key

Make sure to pick exactly the same Message for both Signatures, e.g. "Per consensum ad astra".

🗝️ Private Key

Enter private key to sign message with

📝 Message

Enter any Message you want to sign with the Private Key

We can now utilize the signature aggregation to create an aggregated Signature. In this exercise we are only aggregating two signatures, but we could do this with hundreds or thousands. Side fact: It does not matter in which order the signatures are aggrated.

🔏 First Signature

Enter the first Signature of the Message.

🔏 Second Signature

Enter the second Signature of the Message.

Aggregate Public Keys

To verify an aggregated Signature, we also need to aggregate the Public Keys that correspond to the Private Keys that were used to sign the message. Analogous to the signatures we can aggregate many more than just two Public Keys and also here the order does not matter.

🔑 First Public Key

Enter the first Public Key to aggregate.

🔑 Second Public Key

Enter the second Public Key to aggregate.

Verify the Aggregated Signature

Anyone, that has access to the aggregated Public Key can now verify the Signature of the Message. Therefore, the Authenticity, Non-Repudiation and Integrity of the Message can be trusted in an efficient way for a large number of signers.

🔑 Aggregated Public Key

Enter the Public Key that signed the Message.

📝 Message

Enter the Message that was signed.

🔏 Aggregated Signature

Enter the Signature of the Message.

Congrats on going through the exercise and experiencing hands-on how we can utilize Signature Aggregation. You will see in the next chapter about Avalanche Warp Messaging; how Mutli-Signature schemes can enable secure and efficient cross-Subnet communication.

Generate First Key

Sign the Messages

Generate Second Key

Sign the Message with the second Key

Aggregate Signatures

Aggregate Public Keys

Verify the Aggregated Signature

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